Fluoroscopy

Extended Definition

Fluoroscopy is a type of medical imaging that creates continuous X-ray images, similar to an X-ray “movie.” Unlike a standard X-ray that captures a single still image, fluoroscopy shows movement in real-time, allowing doctors to observe body structures and processes as they happen.

In the context of joint pain treatment, fluoroscopy is most commonly used to guide injection procedures. When a doctor performs an injection into a joint—whether delivering corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, or other treatments—they may use fluoroscopic guidance to ensure accurate needle placement. This is especially important for deeper joints like the hip or when joint anatomy is distorted by arthritis.

During fluoroscopy-guided injection, the patient is positioned near a fluoroscopy machine, and contrast dye may be injected first to confirm the needle tip is in the correct location within the joint space. The doctor watches the fluoroscopy screen to see the needle’s position and the spread of medication in real-time. This image-guidance increases the accuracy of injections, which can improve treatment effectiveness and reduce the risk of complications. While fluoroscopy does expose patients to radiation, the doses used are generally low, and the benefits of accurate injection placement typically outweigh the minimal risks. Some practitioners may use ultrasound guidance instead of fluoroscopy for certain joints, as it doesn’t involve radiation exposure.