Labrum
A ring of fibrocartilage that deepens and stabilizes the hip and shoulder sockets. Labral tears can cause pain and may contribute to arthritis development.
Extended Definition
The labrum is a specialized rim of fibrocartilage found in ball-and-socket joints—primarily the hip (acetabular labrum) and shoulder (glenoid labrum). It increases joint stability and range of motion.
Functions
- Deepens the socket - Increases surface area by 25-30%
- Creates a seal - Helps maintain negative pressure in the joint
- Distributes forces - Spreads load across the joint surface
- Provides stability - Particularly in extreme positions
Labral Tears and Arthritis
Labral injuries are associated with increased OA risk:
- Hip labral tears - Often from impingement (FAI), can accelerate cartilage wear
- Shoulder labral tears - Less commonly linked to OA but can cause chronic pain
Treatment
While HA injections are primarily used for knee OA, hip injections (often off-label) may help some patients with labral-associated hip pain by improving joint lubrication.
Related Terms
More Anatomy Terms
View allAcetabulum
The cup-shaped socket of the pelvis that holds the head of the femur (thigh bone) in the hip joint.
Articular Cartilage
The smooth, white tissue covering the ends of bones in joints. Its breakdown is the primary feature of osteoarthritis.
Bursae
Small, fluid-filled sacs that act as cushions between bones, tendons, and muscles near joints, reducing friction during movement. Singular form is 'bursa.'
Bursa
Small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. Bursitis (inflammation of a bursa) can cause joint pain similar to arthritis.
Cartilage
A smooth, rubbery connective tissue that covers and protects the ends of bones where they meet to form joints, allowing them to glide smoothly during movement.