Total Knee Replacement
Surgery to replace all weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint with metal and plastic components. Also called total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Typically reserved for severe arthritis that hasn't responded to conservative treatment.
Extended Definition
Total knee replacement (TKR) is a surgical procedure that resurfaces the damaged knee joint with artificial components. It’s one of the most successful orthopedic procedures, with over 90% of patients reporting significant pain relief.
When It’s Recommended
Total knee replacement is typically considered when:
- Pain significantly limits daily activities
- Conservative treatments have failed
- X-rays show severe cartilage loss
- Pain persists at rest or disturbs sleep
- Knee deformity is present
The Procedure
Surgery involves:
- Removing damaged cartilage and bone surfaces
- Implanting metal components on femur and tibia
- Placing a plastic spacer between metal parts
- Optionally resurfacing the kneecap
- Surgery takes 1-2 hours
Recovery Timeline
| Phase | Duration | Milestones |
|---|---|---|
| Hospital | 1-3 days | Walking with assistance |
| Home recovery | 3-6 weeks | PT, increasing activity |
| Driving | 4-6 weeks | When off narcotics |
| Return to work | 6-12 weeks | Depends on job type |
| Full recovery | 3-6 months | Maximum improvement at 1 year |
Success Rates
- 90-95% report significant pain relief
- 85-90% of implants last 15-20 years
- Revision surgery needed in 5-10% within 20 years
Delaying Surgery
HA injections and other conservative treatments may help delay knee replacement for months to years, allowing you to:
- Undergo surgery when you’re ready
- Optimize health before surgery
- Maintain activity while managing symptoms
Related Terms
More Treatments Terms
View allCorticosteroid
A powerful anti-inflammatory medication similar to cortisol (a hormone naturally produced by the body) that can be injected into joints to quickly reduce swelling and pain.
Hyaluronic Acid
A naturally occurring substance found in synovial fluid that gives it its thick, gel-like consistency and lubricating properties. Also used as an injection treatment for joint pain.
Molecular Weight
The size of a molecule measured in daltons. In hyaluronic acid products, molecular weight affects how thick and long-lasting the injection is, with higher molecular weight typically providing longer relief.
NSAID
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug - a type of medication that reduces pain, inflammation, and fever by blocking enzymes that produce inflammatory chemicals in the body.
Nerve Block
An injection of anesthetic near specific nerves to temporarily block pain signals. Used for diagnosis, pain relief, or before surgery. Effects last hours to months depending on medication used.