If you’ve been told you have arthritis in your knee, hip, or shoulder, your doctor may have mentioned “gel injections” or “HA injections” as a treatment option. But what exactly is this gel, and how does it help?
The Simple Explanation
HA gel (short for hyaluronic acid gel) is a thick, slippery substance that doctors inject into joints affected by arthritis. Think of it like adding oil to a squeaky door hinge - it helps the joint move more smoothly and comfortably.
Here’s the key thing to understand: your body already makes this substance naturally. Healthy joints contain hyaluronic acid that acts as a lubricant and shock absorber. But when you have arthritis, you have less of it, and the quality decreases. HA injections supplement what your body is missing.
Where Does the Gel Come From?
HA gel used in injections comes from two sources:
- Bacterial fermentation - Made in a lab using bacteria (similar to how yogurt is made)
- Rooster combs - Extracted from the combs on top of roosters’ heads
Both types work similarly. If you have allergies to birds or eggs, your doctor will likely recommend a bacterial-derived product.
How the Injection Works
The procedure is straightforward:
- Your doctor cleans the injection site
- They may use ultrasound or X-ray to guide the needle (this improves accuracy)
- The gel is injected directly into your joint
- The whole process takes about 15-20 minutes
Depending on the brand, you’ll receive either:
- One injection (single-dose products like Synvisc-One or Monovisc)
- A series of 3-5 weekly injections (products like Euflexxa or Supartz)
What to Expect After
Most people notice:
- Some soreness at the injection site for 1-2 days
- Gradual improvement in pain over 2-4 weeks
- Relief that typically lasts 6 months to a year
You can usually return to normal activities within 24-48 hours, though your doctor may recommend avoiding strenuous exercise for a few days.
Who Benefits Most
HA injections work best for people who:
- Have mild to moderate osteoarthritis
- Haven’t gotten enough relief from over-the-counter pain medications
- Want to delay or avoid knee replacement surgery
- Prefer a treatment with minimal side effects
Is It Covered by Insurance?
Medicare Part B covers HA injections for knee osteoarthritis. Most private insurance plans also cover the treatment, though you may need prior authorization.
Your out-of-pocket costs depend on your specific plan, but the treatment is generally accessible for most people with insurance.
Next Steps
If you’re considering HA injections, the best next step is talking with your doctor about whether you’re a good candidate. They’ll consider factors like:
- The severity of your arthritis
- Which joints are affected
- Your overall health
- What other treatments you’ve tried
Many people find HA injections provide meaningful relief that helps them stay active and avoid surgery - at least for a while.