Joint Stiffness
Difficulty moving a joint through its full range of motion, often worst after rest. A hallmark symptom of osteoarthritis, typically improving with gentle movement.
Extended Definition
Joint stiffness refers to reduced flexibility or difficulty initiating movement in a joint. In osteoarthritis, it’s typically worst after periods of inactivity (morning stiffness) and improves with gentle movement—sometimes called “gelling.”
Patterns in OA
- Morning stiffness - Usually lasts less than 30 minutes
- Post-activity stiffness - After prolonged sitting or rest
- Weather-related - Some patients report worsening with cold or humidity
- Progressive - Tends to increase as OA advances
Why It Happens
- Synovial fluid thickens during rest
- Inflammatory chemicals accumulate overnight
- Cartilage swelling from fluid absorption
- Muscle tightening around the joint
Relief Strategies
- Gentle range-of-motion exercises
- Warm shower or heating pad
- Moving around before extended activity
- HA injections (improve synovial fluid quality)
Related Terms
More Conditions Terms
View allBilateral Arthritis
Arthritis affecting the same joint on both sides of the body, such as both knees or both hips. Common in osteoarthritis due to similar wear patterns.
Bone Spur
A smooth, bony growth that develops along the edges of bones, especially in joints affected by osteoarthritis. Also called an osteophyte.
Bone-on-Bone
A colloquial term describing advanced osteoarthritis where cartilage has worn away completely, allowing direct contact between bone surfaces. Often painful and may require surgery.
Chondromalacia
Softening and deterioration of cartilage, most commonly affecting the underside of the kneecap. Often considered an early stage of patellofemoral arthritis.
Crepitus
A crackling, popping, or grinding sensation or sound that occurs during joint movement, often felt or heard when bones with damaged cartilage rub together.